Yearbook 1999
Tajikistan. At the end of March, the leader of the opposition Socialist Party was murdered in the capital, Dusjanbe. He had, among other things, chaired Parliament’s Justice Committee, which dealt with human rights issues.
Visit Countryaah official website to get information about the capital city of Tajikistan. The peace process after the civil war in 1992-97 continued during the year despite great contradictions between the regime and the opposition. Among other things, the disarmament of the former guerrillas was completed. The Supreme Court upheld a six-year-old ban on four opposition parties, a referendum approved the proposed constitutional changes and Parliament passed a new electoral law.
- Also see Abbreviationfinder.org to see the acronym of TJK which stands for Tajikistan and other definitions of this 3-letter abbreviation.
The day before the November presidential election, opposition leader Said Abdullo Nuri raised his electoral boycott in exchange for, among other things. the release of 93 oppositionists who have been imprisoned since the war. As expected, President Imomali Rachmonov was re-elected, and according to official records, he received 97% of the vote. But the election was criticized, among other things. by the OSCE and by the opposition who did not consider themselves given a fair chance. But voters declared that they gave their votes for the peace achieved under Rachmonov.
During the year, Rachmonov visited the Russian Federation, which has about 20,000 soldiers in Tajikistan’s territory to maintain peace and guard the border with Afghanistan against drug and arms smuggling. At the Moscow visit, an agreement was reached for the Russian Federation to formally establish military bases in Tajikistan.
Militant Islamists who probably crossed the border from Tajikistan to Kyrgyzstan fought the Kyrgyz army during the late summer. The separatists withdrew to Tajikistan in the fall. Foreign ministers from Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan met for crisis meeting, and in October the four former Soviet republics held military exercise together with Russian troops to train actions against the Islamist guerrilla.
The Soviet Socialist Republic of Tajikistan proclaimed itself an independent state on 9 September 1991; on 21 December 1991 it joined the Commonwealth of Independent States born from the dissolution of the Soviet Union, with ten other former socialist republics. She was admitted to the United Nations on March 2, 1992 and has been a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank since 1993.
During 1992-93, the region was devastated by a civil war that saw the regions of Dushanbe and Kurgan-Tjube, dominated by an Islamic-democratic coalition, on the one hand, and the districts of Kuljab on the other. (to the south) and Hodžand (to the north), loyal to the old Communist Party. The victory of the Communist side has not resolved the fundamental differences, and Tajikistan runs the risk of seeing the central state put in crisis by the affirmation of local powers, similarly to what happened in Afghānistān. Localism, understood as a strong sense of belonging and loyalty to a particular region, originates from the accentuated geographical partitioning of the territory of the republic and from the marked contrasts between the different ethnic groups that populate the region: out of 5,465,000 residents (1991 estimate) the Tajiks represent just over 62%, the Uzbeks 23.5%, the Russians 7.6%; strong is the presence of Ismaili, in the autonomous region of Gorno-Badahšan, who have developed a strong particularism, so much so as to give life to a political party that claims independence. The fragility of the Tajikistan is accentuated by its long border with Afghānistān, crossed without difficulty by loads of weapons, fighters and smugglers; during the civil war, some 80,000 Tajiks fled to the neighboring country. Afghānistān, crossed without difficulty by loads of weapons, fighters and smugglers; during the civil war, some 80,000 Tajiks fled to the neighboring country. Afghānistān, crossed without difficulty by loads of weapons, fighters and smugglers; during the civil war, some 80,000 Tajiks fled to the neighboring country.
Tajikistan, which was the poorest of all the republics of the former USSR, saw its situation worsen significantly in the early nineties, in which all sectors of the economy were heavily affected by internal events and the dismantling of the system of trade exchanges between the republics of the USSR, in force before the dissolution of the Union. Gross domestic product in 1992 ($ 2.7 billion, equivalent to $ 480 per capita, the lowest of all former Soviet Socialist Republics) was estimated to have declined by 31% from the previous year, and that the trend, although less pronounced, continued in the following year.
